Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics

Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics pdf#

In this way, it is considered that no heat engine can have thermal efficiency 100% but its efficiency would always be lower than 100%. Request PDF An Alternative Presentation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics We present an elementary, but still quite rigorous derivation of the Clausius inequality, which sheds a new. Then for a heat engine are needed at least two thermal reservoirs, one of high temperature (source) from which the working fluid receive the energy as heat and an another of low temperature (sink) to which the working fluid rejects the energy as heat. The only option is then that the engine converts part of the energy it receives as heat into work and the rest is rejected to an another thermal reservoir which its temperature is less than the temperature of the source. With other words, Kelvin statement implies that it is not possible to be constructed an engine which, while operating cyclically, absorbs a certain amount of energy as heat from a high temperature reservoir (source) and converts all of it into work. The Kelvin statement of the second law of thermodynamics considers that is impossible to be constructed a cyclically operating device that it absorbs energy as heat from a single thermal reservoir and performs an equivalent amount of work without producing no other effect.

bf Reversible Processes Reversible processes are ones where no friction or turbulence or dissipative forces are. It is impossible to construct a cyclic refrigerator whose sole effect is the transfer of energy from a cold reservoir to a warm reservoir without the input of energy by work. The aim of this essay is to prove if there equivalence between these two statements and it will be achieved by analysing them. Clausius Statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The perfect engine converts all input heat into work. It is the second law of thermodynamics which provides the criterion as to the probability of various processes through the statements of Clausius that РІР‚ВРІР‚в„ўHeat does not pass from a body at low temperature to one at high temperature without an accompanying change elsewhereРІР‚в„ўРІР‚в„ў and Kelvin that РІР‚ВРІР‚в„ўNo cyclic process is possible in which heat is taken from a hot source and converted completely into workРІР‚в„ўРІР‚в„ў. 6 The Second Law of Thermodynamics By the end of this section you will be able to:-Contrast the second law of thermodynamics statements according to the formulations by Kelvin and Clausius-Interpret the second law of thermodynamics via irreversibility Figure 25.

But it does not indicate whether that change of state or the process is at all feasible or not. The first law of thermodynamics states that a certain energy balance will hold when a system undergoes a change of state or a thermodynamic process.

Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics